DNA Damage Theory DNA damage by UV rays Image credit: Wikipedia The DNA Damage Theory helps to understand how long we live and our health. As we age genetically our cells become more and more damaged, this can be called as cellular aging The theory shows that Our DNA can hurt inany ways, from inside our bodies and from outside. Things like environmental factors and Oxidative stress can harm our DNA . Key takeaways • DNA can be damage by environmental exposures and oxidative stress. • The DNA damage theory explain how accumulated genetic damage contribute to cellular aging and impact overall health • Understanding the mechanism of DNA damage is necessary for developing intervention to extend lifespan. • Ongoing researches are focusing on DNA damage, cellular senescence, and age related diseases. • DNA repair and reduce the effect of DNA damage, may promote healthy aging. Understandin...
NEURO ENDOCRINE THEORY OF AGING
According to Neuro endocrine theory the aging process is happening in hypothalamus,pituitary,and thyroid or the in regulatory action of these glands.Vladimer Dilman an internationally renowned endocrinologist put forward this theory in 1968.He found that there is considerable decline in the production of hormones in our body with increasing age,the secretion of thyroid,adrenel cortex,testis (males),ovary (females),pituitary (growth hormone) etc will falls.The production of aminoacids, peptides,monoamines enzymes etc also will decrease.it is also noted that the functional decline in neurons,
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| Human endocrine system |
What are the functions of endocrine glands?
Endocrine system is a group of glands,which produce most of all important hormones for our body.These hormones controls our growth development,moods,metabolism,reproduction etc.
The glands includes Hypothalamus,pituitary,pineal(these3glands situated in brain),thyroid(neck)
Pancreas(behind stomach),thymus(between lungs),adrenals(top of kidneys),testes(male),ovaries (female).Hypothalamus is the main part of endocrine system,it produced hormones such as antiduereti,corticotropin,gonadotropin,oxytoxin,palachin,thyrotrophin etc most of the hormones are instructions to other glands,it also directly commands pituitary gland to increase or decrease a particular hormonal presence in the body especially growth hormone.hypothalamus has direct connection with nervous system.hypothalamus is responsible for thirst,body temperature,hunger,sleep,
Sex drive etc.Pituitary gland is another very important gland which controls all glands of endocrine system,and is often called as master gland.the posterior lobe of pituitary collect some hormones from hypothalamus and distribute to respective glands,also it produced many hormones,such as growth hormone(somatotrophic hormone),proclain lutenizing hormones, antidiuretic hormones,etc.
Sex drive etc.Pituitary gland is another very important gland which controls all glands of endocrine system,and is often called as master gland.the posterior lobe of pituitary collect some hormones from hypothalamus and distribute to respective glands,also it produced many hormones,such as growth hormone(somatotrophic hormone),proclain lutenizing hormones, antidiuretic hormones,etc.
Pineal gland produced melatonin,this gland is responsible for sleep.thyroid gland produced calcitonine,triiodothyronine,and thyroxin.parathyroid gland release parathyroid hormone when calcium level increases in the body,pancreas released the hormone insulin and glucagon,ovary releases progesterone and estrogen.testes produced testosterone,
Hormonal imbalances,how it affects the body?
If Growth Hormone is too much the bones and body parts grow extensively,on the other hand if it is low growth will stick.if thyroid produce more hormone the result is hyperthyroidism or it is known as
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Graves' disease.if the hormone is insufficient the result is slow growth,slow heart rate,weight gain and constipation,the condition is called hypothyroidism.Adrenal insufficiency result in dehydration,abdominal pain, fatigue, weakness,etc.insulin production of pancreas fail the result is diabetics.these are some of the abnormalities happen because of hormonal imbalance.
A research related to anti aging
Some researchers removed the pituitary gland gland of mice,pituitary gland is the master gland which provides many hormones in our boy,the researchers then provide all the known hormones of pituitary to the mice manually,they found that the mice without a pituitary gland live longer than others.finally
They came to the conclusion that pituitary is producing some other hormones that brings life span shorter.
Conclusion
We are not yet find all the hormones that produced by endocrine system,one thing is sure hormones can alter our body,mind,health,and life span.
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| Neuron |
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