Cellinsight, Aging, ageing- related diseases,

Old couples Image credit goes to pixabay.com Cellinsight Everything about human ageing and related diseases Cross-linking theory The cross-linking theory of aging was proposed in 1942 by Johan Bjorksten. According to this theory Collagen and other proteins undergoing structural changes due to molecular cross linkage (collagen is an important body proteins comprising 30℅ of body proteins) . In the presence of oxygen glucose molecules binding to to proteins and this cross-linked proteins causing damage to cells and tissues resulting in aging. This theory is also called as glycosylation theory of aging.  # Wrinkle and skin changes The cross-linked skin protein collagen  is responsible for wrinkles and skin changes during aging # Tendon stiffening An increased cross-linked collagen is the reason behind tendon stiffening, tendons are connective tissues which connect muscles to bones. a stiff tendon can pass more mechanical energy from muscles to bone but it lose it's elastic...

Cellinsight Everything about human ageing and related diseases Lipids Lipids are organic compounds, basically hydro carbons . They are non-polar ( means they don't have negatively or positively charged ends ) so they are not soluble in Water, but easily soluble in organic solvents such as chloroform, acetone, benzene,alcohol etc. Fats , oil , wax etc, are the examples of lipids . Lipids are necessary to make cell membranes, the outer most two layers of cell membrane is made up of phospholipids , which protect cell from surroundings and also helps cell more strong and flexible. Energy storage ( excess energy stored in adipose tissue in our body and used when ever needed ), they used to transmit nerve impulses, and many more..  Lipid metabolism Image credit goes to Commons.wikimedia.org           ( under common creative atribution)  Endocrine system in our body, releasing hormones which control growth and metabolism. According to their chemic...

Cellinsight Everything about human ageing and related diseases Immortal animals Nothing is forever in this world, death is certain, one day it will visit us. But there are some creatures that never die by natural aging process. Human cells are capable of dividing only 50 times, later the cells entered the senescence stage, and this is the exact reason for aging. Any animal which is not experiencing senescence can defeat ageing, today I am going to tell about such types of animals and how they live without the fear of ageing 1. Jelly fish (Turritopsis dohrnii)  Immortal jellyfish (Image credit goes to Wikimedia )  Jelly fishes are sea animals, included in the phylum coelenterata (cnideria). Turritopsis dohrnii is a species of jellyfish which is known as immortal jellyfish. Jellyfish reproduce both sexually and asexually.The life cycle consisted of three main stages, planulae,polyps and medusae. fertilized egg give birth to planula. The  Planula is the larval stage...

Aging- a Symbolic presentation What are The 9 hallmarks of Aging? According to the scientific world there are 9 reasons behind Aging, they are generally known as 9 Hallmarks of Aging. They are Genomic instability, Telomeres Attrition, Epigenetic Alteration, Loss of Proteostasis Deregulated Nutrient Sensing, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Cellular senescence, Stem cells Exhaustion and Altered inter cellular Communications. genomic instability Genome is the genetical codes present in organisms. In other words genome is the complete set of DNA present in a cell. Every cell has  copy of the DNA. Genomic instability is the result of high frequency mutations ( sudden changes ) Because of  these mutations chromosome May rearranged, sometime the sequence of nucleic acids  or even the chromosome number May changed,( the chromosome number of human is 23 pairs, or 46 ).  Telomeres attrition Telomeres are the tail ends of chromosomes, which act as protective caps. I alread...

Hyperbaric Oxygen Chamber Cellinsight.online Everything about human ageing and related diseases Old man + O2=young man      " Old man+O2=Young man" don't laugh I am not kidding you, this is the result of a new research conducted by Scientists from Tele Aviv University and Shamir Medical Center in Israel recently, and published in Aging magazine on 18th november 2020. The scientists claimed that they have managed to reverse the Aging. The scientists used Hyperbaric Oxygen chamber for conducting this experiment. The treatment inside the hyperbaric oxygen chamber is known as hyperbaric Oxygen therapy ( HBOT ). They selected 35 people who where above 64 years of age. Pure oxygen supplied to them inside the chamber, at various atmospheric pressure, They were treated inside the chamber for 90 minutes a day and five days a week, the treatment continued for 3 months. The result was mind blowing, the researchers found that the cellular level changes of the participants were equi...

Cellinsight.online Everything about human ageing and related diseases Apoptosis and necrosis are they accelerate aging? apoptosis Apoptosis is programmed cell death. Apoptosis is a Greek word means "falling off".In a multicellular organism if cells are no longer needed,or it's DNA damaged and cannot be repaired,then the cells commits suicide by a process called programmed cell death or the Apoptosis. In human beings billions of cells die in bone marrow and intestine every hour .since 19th century scientists noticed and described about apoptosis but a clear definition was given by John Foxton Kerr at the university of Queensland in 1972.Later Hovitz,Sydney Brenner,and John E Samson identified the genes involved in apoptosis. In 2002  they got Nobel prize in medicine  Apoptosis and Necrosis In our body,cells are produced by cell multiplication (mitosis) and the apoptosis is used to the destruction of cells. Around 100,000 cells are produced in our body per second and...

Effects of enzymes on aging and related diseases  Enzymes How enzyme catalyze a chemical reaction Enzymes are biological catalysts , catalysts are those substances which can alter the speed of chemical reactions.There are positive and negative catalysts, positive catalysts speed up chemical reactions where as negative catalysts decreases the rate of chemical reactions.Enzymes are positive catalysts, which accelerate chemical reactions in our body.Enzymes are basically proteins ,made up of long chains of amino acids .Enzymes are discovered in 1897 by a German biochemist Eduard Buchner , he got Nobel prize in chemistry in 1907 for his discovery of cell-free fermentation . He showed that an enzyme named zymase extracted from yeast cells can break up sugar into alcohol and carbon dioxide.There are about 40,000 different enzymes present in our body ( these number may increase because every day new enzymes are discovering )each enzyme catalyze a different chemic...